About half of the 15,000 tree species in the Amazon - the world's most diverse forest - are threatened by deforestation, an international study says.
Friday's report lays bare the destruction of a vibrant and sprawling ecosystem often referred to as the lungs of the earth because trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
"At least 36 percent and up to 57 percent of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened," said the study in the journal Science Advances, which used criteria from the respected International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Under a business-as-usual scenario, about 40 percent of the original Amazon forest would be destroyed by 2050, the researchers found.
But with stricter conservation measures, they said, that number could be halved.
The good news is that significant populations of endangered trees survive in protected areas of the Amazon, the researchers said.
Still, they added, only constant vigilance over valuable trees like the Brazil nut - 63 percent of which could otherwise be lost by 2050 - will help preserve the Amazon's status as a major carbon sink, a potent natural asset in helping slow global climate change.
The cacao tree could decline by 50 percent within 35 years under a business-as-usual scenario, and the acai palm could decline 72 percent, the study found.
Already, the prized mahogany tree is considered commercially extinct, no longer a part of the Amazon's forest economy.
The report was based on forest surveys across the Amazon as well as maps of current and projected deforestation. Researchers from 21 countries contributed.
"It's a battle we're going to see play out in our lifetimes," said lead author Hans ter Steege of Naturalis Biodiversity Center in the Netherlands.
"Either we stand up and protect these critical parks and indigenous reserves, or deforestation will erode them until we see large-scale extinctions."
AFP
