Russia-Ukraine war: Mixed opinions as Finland and Sweden formally apply to join NATO

It's been a historic day for Europe with Finland and Sweden formally applying to join the NATO alliance at allied headquarters, a decision spurred by Russia's invasion of Ukraine. 

Finland has been neutral for decades, Sweden for centuries - and it's a cultural shift not everyone is ready for. 

Sweden was basking in the sunshine of newfound security - together with its best friend Finland, they walked into the safe embrace of NATO. 

"The right thing to do, yes," one person said.

"If we want to have peace and democracy we have to work together," another said.

"This makes NATO stronger," a third said.

"I think at this moment, this is the right decision," a fourth said.

But it's a big decision.

Hello NATO means goodbye neutrality - a stance Sweden has flown its flag for over more than 200 years.

"It perhaps feels a bit hasty, to make such a big decision after such circumstances," one person said.

"To go to [a] discussion about war and military things, that's not my thing, I don't think that's a good idea," another said.

"Putin threatened us for going into NATO and Sweden is going into NATO so I think this a dumb idea," said another.

But there is a method to the move.  

While Finland shares a 1300 kilometre border with Russia, Sweden controls the strategic Gotland island - in the middle of the Baltic Sea. It's a gateway to St Petersburg.

"There is [a] perception that if Sweden would not join NATO, Russia might seek to take advantage of Swedish territory,"  senior Europe security policy analyst Eva Hagström Frisell said.

When the war started in Ukraine, Swedish support for joining NATO jumped into the majority for the very first time and now sits around 57 percent.

"It's a historic moment definitely," Stockholm University historian Leos Müller said. "It's more than just a change in military stance... It's a seismic cultural shift."

But it's not a done deal yet. All 30 NATO member states will now vote and already Turkey is threatening to veto it.

Time is of the essence, with fears Russia might react before Sweden and Finland are fully protected.

"That's the more uncertain period where Russia might try to influence the decision and Sweden is not covered by NATOs' mutual defence clause," Frisell said.

At Sweden's Stockholm army museum, the country's military history is proudly on display - boasting neutrality preserved throughout major conflicts in Europe, including two World Wars and the Cold one.

Ukraine will never be the same and now Europe won't either.